Low sperm count. This is most often the cause of male infertility.  

Low sperm motility. 

Abnormal sperm.

Low sperm count should not be viewed as a definitive diagnosis of infertility but as one indicator of a fertility problem. A normal sperm count is considered to be 20 million per milliliter of semen. 

Male infertility is usually caused by problems that affect either sperm production or sperm transport. Through medical testing, the cause of the problem may be found out. Roughly 2/3rd of infertile men have a problem with making sperm in the testes.

Male infertility affects approximately 7% of all men it is commonly due to deficiencies in the semen, and semen quality is used as a alternate measure of male fertility.

A lower amount of semen may indicate an issue with the seminal vesicles, blocked ducts or a prostate gland issue. Sperm count – 20 million to 300 million per milliliter is considered in the normal range. Below 10 million is considered “poor.”

Types of infertility and causes of infertility in men:*

 Male subfertility    * Low concentration of sperm in the semen    * Sperm abnormalities/abnormal semen * Abnormal shape/morphology of the sperm *Problems with movement/motility that makes sperm delivery difficult.

* Abnormal liquefaction,  Absence of viable, healthy sperm, * Blockages or obstructions in the genital tract that prevent sperm delivery that can occur due to: * Developmental disorders of the epididymis, vas deferens or seminal vesicles    * Scarring from inflammation   * Vasectomy* Infertility caused by medical conditions, such as varicoceles and testicular torsion* Genetic abnormalities* Hormonal imbalances* Lifestyle choices and environmental exposure. Idiopathic Infertility. 

Initial testing will likely include:*

 semen analysis, Ultrasound,  Post-ejaculation urinalysis,  Genetic testing, Sperm function tests, Hormone testing, Blood tests

Treating Male Infertility -

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART)

Artificial insemination

IVF, GIFT, and other techniques

Drug therapy for hormonal disorders

Treatment for problems with sexual intercourse.

Treating  infections