Azoospermia is a medical condition of a man not having any measurable level of sperm in his semen. It is associated with very low levels of fertility or even sterility, but many forms are amenable to the male population and may be seen in up to 20% of male infertility solutions.

Azoospermia is usually detected in the course of an infertility investigation. It is established on the basis of two semen analysis evaluations done at separate occasions (when the seminal specimen after centrifugation shows no sperm under the microscope) and requires a further workup.

The workup is as follows:
· History
· Physical examination including a thorough evaluation of the scrotum and testes
· Laboratory tests
· Imaging

History includes the general health, sexual health, past fertility, libido and sexual activity.
Past exposure to a number of agents, which can be harmful to the production of sperm and includes a number of pesticides and environmental exposure to heat for prolonged periods.
A history of surgical procedures of the genital system needs to be elicited. The family history needs to be assessed to look for genetic abnormalities.

OBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIA

Men with obstructive azoospermia may father children in one of the two ways:

· Surgical correction of the obstruction, which may allow the couple to conceive naturally.
· Retrieval of sperm directly from the epididymis or testis, followed by injection of sperm into an egg.


 Common Methods of Sperm Retrieval
Method
Acronym
Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration
MESA
Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration
PESA
Testicular sperm extraction
TESE
Percutaneous testicular sperm extraction
TESA

NON OBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIA

One of the most difficult aspects of non obstructive azoospermia is that while testicular sperm retrieval in men with obstruction is not difficult, there is failure to obtain sperm for ICSI in more than half the cases.

For non obstructive Azoospermia, as such, treatment options are not available. We can do only one thing for the patients of non obstructive azoospermia, Stem Cell Therapy.


Stem cell therapy, also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the reparative response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives.


Stem Cell Therapy is a new ray of hope for male infertility, with the potential of rejuvenating testicular tissue.

The revolutionary stem cell treatment offers significant results in certain cases of Azoospermia

What are stem cells?

These are master cells with an inherent property to self-renew and differentiate into other cell types.
This regenerative property of stem cells is applied to treat degenerative diseases. Due to their ubiquitous presence & wonderful regenerative capacity, stem cells have the potential to heal chronic diseases involving.