"Kidney stones- Hard deposits in the filtration unit of the body which affect function"

Causes:

  1. Family history [It is rare]
  2. Age between 20 to 70 years.Males are more prone to develop a stone than female.
  3. Dietary factors. Consumption of food which is high in proteins, sodium  & low in calcium.
  4. Surgeries like gastric bypass or bowel inflammation or diarrhoea.

Classification:

  1. Calcium stones:- Most commonly occurring stones known as calcium oxalate. Caused due to high intake of Vit D or metabolic disorders.
  2. Struvite stones: These stones are horn shape. Caused mostly due to urinary tract infections.
  3. Uric acid stones: High protein diet is generally responsible for uric acid stones, certain medical conditions like gout or genetic factors causes uric acid stones.
  4. Cysteine stones: This type of stone is observed in people who have a hereditary defect like cystinuria.

Symptoms of kidney stones:

  1. Pain during urinating or find blood in urine.
  2. Sharp pain is felt in the back and the lower region of the abdomen which can last for the long or short span. Some people may also feel a rise of nausea along with this pain.

Dietary changes should be followed:

  1. Drink minimum 9-10 glasses of water every day.
  2. Strictly avoid Rhubarb, beet, okra, spinach.
  3. A regular diet with low salt & animal proteins.
  4. Restriction of calcium intake does not decrease the chances of stone formation.