Medical School - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 1984
Medical Education - University of Cincinnati Medical Center Inc., 1989
Medical degree, DO - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 1991
Residency in Anaesthesiology - San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, 1991
Residency in Anaesthesiology - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1992
Internship, Transitional Year - San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, 1985
Orthopaedic surgery residency - San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, 1989