Fellowship in cardiology - Sinai Hospital Detroit, 1991
Residency in Internal Medicine - Corewell Health Farmington Hills Hospital, 1988
Internship in Transitional Year - Corewell Health Farmington Hills Hospital, 1985
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1984
Medical Education - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1984
Medical degree, DO - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1988
Fellowship in Cardiovascular Diseases - Detroit Medical Center / Wayne State University, 1991
Class of 1984 - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1984
D.O., Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1984