Medical degree, DO - University of Milan Medical School, 1988
Residency in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - The University of Toledo, 1992
Residency - ID - The University of Toledo, 1992
Fellowship 2 - Northwestern University - McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, 1993
Medical School - University of Milan Medical School, 1988
Residency - ID - Med College Ohio Hosps, 1992
Fellowship 2 - Rehab Inst Chicago/Northwestern, 1993
Fellowship 2 - Natl Inst Health, 2000